📚 Year 11 Cambridge Media: Speed-Memorisation Guide to Key Terms | Year 11 Cambridge 媒体：词汇术语速记指南
Mastering media terminology is essential for success in the Cambridge IGCSE Media Studies exam. This guide provides a structured approach to memorising key terms using associations, categories, and memory aids tailored for Year 11 students. By linking each term to a vivid image, acronym, or narrative hook, you can accelerate recall and confidently apply them in both analysis and exam writing.
掌握媒体术语是剑桥 IGCSE 媒体研究考试成功的关键。本指南利用联想、分类和记忆术，为 Year 11 学生量身定制结构化速记方法。通过将每个术语与鲜活的画面、首字母缩略词或叙事线索联系起来，你可以加快回忆速度，在分析和考试写作中自信运用。
1. Camera Shots & Angles: Visualise the Frame | 镜头景别与角度：画面可视化
Think of camera shots as a zoom slider: the closer the shot, the more intimate the emotion. To remember their order, visualise a person walking towards you—starting from a distant figure (ELS) to just their eyes (ECU). For angles, recall a seesaw: high angle makes the subject look small and weak, low angle makes them towering and powerful.
将镜头景别想像成一个变焦滑块：景别越近，情感越亲密。要记住它们的顺序，可以想像一个人朝你走来——从远景（ELS）到只有眼睛（ECU）。对于角度，记一个跷跷板：俯拍角度使主体看起来渺小无力，仰拍角度使他们高大而有力量。
| Term (English) | 中文 | Key Definition | Memory Aid |
|---|---|---|---|
| Extreme Close-Up (ECU) | 极度特写 | Frames only eyes or a small detail; extreme intimacy or tension. | E for Eye. Imagine a single tear magnified. |
| Close-Up (CU) | 特写 | Head and shoulders; shows emotion and character reactions. | Close feelings = Close-Up. |
| Medium Shot (MS) | 中景 | Waist up; balances character and surroundings. | Medium = Middle, like a conversation distance. |
| Long Shot (LS) | 远景 | Whole body visible; establishes the scene and body language. | Long = Landscape and body. |
| Establishing Shot | 定场镜头 | Wide shot at start of a scene to set location and mood. | It establishes where we are. |
| High Angle | 俯拍 | Camera looks down; subject appears vulnerable or inferior. | High = looking down on someone. |
| Low Angle | 仰拍 | Camera looks up; subject seems powerful, dominant. | Low = looking up to a hero. |
| Canted / Dutch Angle | 倾斜角度 | Horizon tilted; conveys disorientation, unease. | Canted = tilted world, like a ship tilting. |
2. Camera Movement: Action Verbs | 摄影机运动：动作动词
Link each camera movement to a human action. Pan is like turning your head left or right; tilt is nodding up or down. Track is walking alongside, while dolly is moving the entire body on a trolley. Use the sentence 'Paul Tracks Dolly Crane Handheld' to keep the sequence active.
将每一种摄影机运动与人的动作联系起来。横摇就像左右转头；纵摇是上下点头。跟拍是并肩行走，而推轨是把整个身体放在手推车上移动。用句子“Paul Tracks Dolly Crane Handheld”来记住动作顺序。
| Term (English) | 中文 | Key Definition | Memory Aid |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pan | 横摇 | Camera pivots horizontally from a fixed position. | Panoramic turn: think sweeping landscape. |
| Tilt | 纵摇 | Camera moves vertically up or down. | Tilt your head to nod yes. |
| Tracking Shot | 跟拍/横移 | Camera moves alongside a subject, often on tracks. | Tracking = following the track of a runner. |
| Dolly / Dolly In | 推轨/推近 | Camera physically moves toward or away from subject. | Dolly moves like a doll on wheels. |
| Crane Shot | 升降镜头 | Camera is lifted high on a crane, often for dramatic reveals. | Crane = construction crane lifting high. |
| Handheld | 手持拍摄 | Shaky, realistic movement; creates immersion or chaos. | Handheld = camera in your hand, shaky. |
| Zoom | 变焦 | Lens changes focal length; not a physical camera move. | Zoom lens, magnify without moving body. |
3. Editing Transitions & Techniques: Cut and Flow | 剪辑转场与技巧：剪切与流动
Editing controls time, space, and rhythm. Remember that a 'cut' is invisible storytelling, while transitions like fade and dissolve signal a passage of time or change of mood. The phrase 'J-Cut L-Cut Match' helps recall the three fluency tricks that smooth over discontinuities.
剪辑控制着时间、空间与节奏。要记住，“切”是无形的叙事，而淡入淡出和溶接这样的转场则暗示时间的流逝或情绪的变化。短语“J-Cut L-Cut Match”有助于记忆三个让不连续变得流畅的技巧。
| Term (English) | 中文 | Key Definition | Memory Aid |
|---|---|---|---|
| Continuity Editing | 连贯性剪辑 | Editing that creates a seamless, logical flow of space and time. | Continuous = no breaks in story flow. |
| Jump Cut | 跳切 | Abrupt transition that breaks continuity; emphasises time jump or energy. | Jump = time jumps suddenly. |
| Match on Action | 动作顺接 | Cutting from one shot to another while the action continues seamlessly. | Match the action across cuts. |
| Cross-cutting / Parallel Action | 交叉剪辑 | Alternating shots of two or more scenes occurring simultaneously. | Cross = crossing between two lines of action. |
| Montage | 蒙太奇 | Série of quick shots that compress time and convey thematic meaning. | Montage = many images stitched together. |
| Fade In / Out | 淡入/淡出 | Gradual transition to/from a black screen; signals beginning or end. | Fade = light fading at sunset. |
| Dissolve | 溶接 | One shot slowly merges into the next; linking ideas or passing time. | Dissolve = sugar dissolving into tea. |
| J-Cut & L-Cut | J形/L形剪接 | Audio leads before visual (J) or continues after visual (L); smooth transitions. | Shape of the edit in timeline: J audio first, L audio lingering. |
4. Sound: Listen for Diegesis | 声音：聆听叙事空间
All sound is either part of the story world (diegetic) or added for the audience only (non-diegetic). Picture a bubble around the characters: if they can hear it, it's inside the bubble. Overlapping sound bridges knit scenes together. Contrapuntal sound is deliberately mismatched—like a happy song over a fight scene.
所有声音要么属于故事世界（画内音），要么仅为观众添加（画外音）。想像角色周围有一个气泡：如果他们能听到，就在气泡内。交叠的声音桥接场景。声画对位是故意不匹配的——比如在打斗场景上使用欢快的歌曲。
| Term (English) | 中文 | Key Definition | Memory Aid |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diegetic Sound | 画内音 | Sound whose source is visible or implied in the story world (dialogue, footsteps). | Diegetic = Direct sound world. |
| Non-diegetic Sound | 画外音 | Sound added for the audience, e.g. film score, voice-over narration. | Non-diegetic = Not in the scene. |
| Sound Bridge | 声音桥接 | Sound from the next scene begins before the current scene ends, linking them. | Bridge = audio crossing over a cut. |
| Synchronous Sound | 同步声 | Sound matched with action on screen (e.g. punch and thud). | Sync = together in time. |
| Asynchronous Sound | 非同步声 | Sound not matched temporally with visual action, creating tension. | A-sync = not together. |
| Contrapuntal Sound | 声画对位 | Sound that contrasts with the image, generating irony or unease. | Contra = against; sound against picture. |
5. Mise-en-Scène: CLAMPS Framework | 场面调度：CLAMPS 框架
Use the acronym CLAMPS to dissect everything visible in a frame: Costume, Lighting, Acting & body language, Make-up & hair, Props, Setting. This turns mise-en-scène into a checklist you can systematically apply to any still or sequence.
用缩写词 CLAMPS 来剖析画面中可见的一切：服装（Costume）、灯光（Lighting）、表演与肢体语言（Acting）、化妆与发型（Make-up）、道具（Props）、场景（Setting）。这把场面调度变成一个可以系统应用于任何画面的检查清单。
| Element | 中文 | What to Analye | Memory Prompt |
|---|---|---|---|
| Costume | 服装 | Period, status, personality; colour symbolism. | Costume = character clue. |
| Lighting | 灯光 | Mood, focus, character revelation; high-key vs low-key. | Lights set the emotional tone. |
| Acting & Body Language | 表演与肢体语言 | Facial expression, posture, gesture, proximity. | Act as if you're reading a person. |
| Make-up & Hair | 化妆与发型 | Age, health, genre conventions (e.g. horror scars). |
Published by TutorHao | Year 11 媒体 Revision Series | aleveler.com 广告 / Sponsored 25年新版剑桥IGCSE心理学教材 含在线版2年 Cambridge IGCSE Psychology Courseb… 心理 备考教辅 · 正版现货 · 学习备考通用 查看详情 / View on Taobao参考价 ¥424.0广告 / Sponsored Collins AS and A Level Further Mathematics Mechanics 英文原版 柯… 数学 备考教辅 · 正版现货 · 学习备考通用 查看详情 / View on Taobao参考价 ¥131.6更多咨询请联系16621398022（同微信） 备考资讯每日更新，关注不错过 考纲变化 · 科目分析 · 学习方法  在微信里长按二维码识别关注 或截图后用「扫一扫 → 相册」选择本图 公众号：tutorhao |