📚 University of Paris V (Paris Descartes) | 巴黎第五大学（巴黎笛卡尔大学）
The University of Paris V, universally known as Université Paris Descartes, is a public research university in Paris, France, created in 1970 as one of the successor institutions of the historic University of Paris. It is named after the French philosopher René Descartes, and it built its reputation above all on medicine, psychology and law.
巴黎第五大学，也称巴黎笛卡尔大学（University of Paris V René Descartes），坐落在法国巴黎，是一所声名卓著的公立高等学府。这所大学诞生于1970年，由历史悠久的巴黎大学拆分而来，其名称致敬了法国哲学家勒内·笛卡尔（René Descartes），其声望主要建立在医学、心理学与法学三大领域之上。
As a French public university, it combines low tuition, hospital-based clinical training and a research culture that is closely tied to the city of Paris itself. Around 40,000 students, including a large international community, study across its faculties.
作为法国公立大学体系中的一员，它兼具学费亲民、以医院为依托的临床训练，以及与巴黎这座城市紧密相连的科研文化。约四万名学生（其中包括规模可观的国际学生群体）在各学院就读。
1. Overview and Academic Identity | 概览与学术定位
Paris Descartes was a comprehensive but strongly health-oriented university. Its academic profile was unusual in France: medicine, pharmacy, dentistry, psychology and law sat side by side with mathematics, computer science and biomedical research, giving students access to both laboratory science and professional training.
巴黎笛卡尔大学是一所综合性大学，但明显以健康与生命科学为重心。它的学科结构在法国颇具特色：医学、药学、牙科、心理学与法学，与数学、计算机科学及生物医学研究并存，学生因此既能接触实验室科学，也能接受职业化训练。
For international applicants, the key point is that this is a French-language, state-funded institution with highly selective professional programmes. Admission is not achieved by a single exam alone, but through national platforms, competitive entrance routes and, for some master's courses, direct application.
对国际申请者而言，最关键的一点是：这是一所以法语授课为主、由国家资助的高校，其职业类专业的选拔性很强。录取并非只靠一场考试决定，而是通过国家统一平台、竞争性入学通道，以及部分硕士项目的直接申请来完成。
2. From the University of Paris to 1970 | 从巴黎大学到1970年的诞生
The University of Paris, often called the Sorbonne, was one of the oldest and most influential universities in Europe. After the upheavals of May 1968, the French government passed the Faure law, which broke the old centralised faculty structure into smaller, self-governing institutions.
巴黎大学（常被称为索邦）曾是欧洲最古老、最具影响力的大学之一。1968年五月风暴之后，法国政府颁布《富尔法》，把旧有的中央集权式学院结构拆分为规模更小、自治程度更高的机构。
In 1970 the University of Paris was divided into a group of successor universities numbered Paris I to Paris XIII. Paris V took the name Descartes and inherited much of the capital's medical, pharmaceutical and psychological teaching.
1970年，巴黎大学被拆分为一批继承机构，按编号称为巴黎第一大学至巴黎第十三大学。其中巴黎第五大学采用了"笛卡尔"这一名称，并继承了巴黎在医学、药学与心理学教学方面的主要资源。
Its medical lineage reaches back far beyond 1970, to the medieval Faculty of Medicine of Paris, one of the oldest continuous traditions of medical teaching in Europe. The law faculty likewise descends from the historic Paris law faculty, so the new university carried centuries of academic practice into a modern institutional form.
它的医学谱系远早于1970年，可上溯至中世纪的巴黎医学院，那是欧洲延续最久的医学教学传统之一。法学院同样源自历史上的巴黎法学院。因此，这所新大学是把数百年的学术实践装入了现代建制之中。
3. René Descartes and the Meaning of the Name | 勒内·笛卡尔与校名的含义
René Descartes (1596-1650) was a French philosopher, mathematician and natural scientist, and one of the founders of modern philosophy. He is remembered for the method of systematic doubt, summarised in the phrase "Cogito, ergo sum" ("I think, therefore I am"), and for the Cartesian coordinate system that still underlies school algebra and analytical geometry.
勒内·笛卡尔（1596—1650）是法国哲学家、数学家与自然科学家，也是现代哲学的奠基人之一。他以系统性的怀疑方法著称，其核心表述是"Cogito, ergo sum"（我思故我在），同时他还提出了至今仍是中学代数与解析几何基础的笛卡尔坐标系。
His Discourse on the Method (1637) and Meditations (1641) argued that knowledge should be built on clear, well-founded reasoning rather than inherited authority. He himself trained in law at Poitiers in 1616, which makes the name doubly fitting for a university strong in both law and medical science.
他的《谈谈方法》（1637）与《第一哲学沉思集》（1641）主张，知识应建立在清晰、有根据的推理之上，而不是盲从权威。他本人于1616年在普瓦捷接受法学训练，这使"笛卡尔"之名对一所在法学与医学上都有优势的大学而言格外贴切。
Choosing this name made a statement: reason, method and evidence as the guiding principles of teaching and research. It also gave the new institution a recognisable identity in a crowded Parisian academic landscape.
选择这一校名本身就是一种宣示：理性、方法与证据是教学与研究的指导原则。它也让这所新机构在竞争激烈的巴黎高校版图中拥有了易于辨识的形象。
4. Campuses and a Faculty Map of Paris | 校区分布与学院地图
Unlike a single-campus university, Paris Descartes was spread across the capital and its inner suburbs, with each faculty embedded in a different professional world. The medical school sits on rue de l'École-de-Médecine in the Latin Quarter, while the pharmacy faculty operates near the Observatoire and the Luxembourg Gardens.
与单一校区的大学不同，巴黎笛卡尔大学的办学点散布在巴黎市区及其近郊，每个学院都嵌在不同的职业世界之中。医学院位于拉丁区的医学院街（rue de l'École-de-Médecine），药学院则在天文台与卢森堡公园一带办学。
The Institute of Psychology is based in Boulogne-Billancourt to the south-west, the dental faculty works in Montrouge, and the law faculty occupies a site just south of the city. Clinical teaching relies on the public hospital network of Paris (AP-HP), including well-known hospitals such as Cochin, Necker-Enfants Malades, Hôtel-Dieu, the Georges-Pompidou European Hospital and Sainte-Anne for psychiatry.
心理学院位于西南部的布洛涅-比扬古，牙科学院在蒙特鲁日，法学院则在巴黎以南不远处办学。临床教学依托巴黎公立医院网络（AP-HP），其中包括科尚医院、内克尔儿童医院、主宫医院、乔治·蓬皮杜欧洲医院，以及以精神科见长的圣安娜医院等知名机构。
| Faculty / 学院 | Main Location / 主要地点 | Noted For / 优势方向 |
| Medicine / 医学 | Latin Quarter / 拉丁区 | Clinical training, hospital links / 临床训练与医院合作 |
| Psychology / 心理学 | Boulogne-Billancourt / 布洛涅-比扬古 | Clinical, developmental, cognitive / 临床、发展、认知 |
| Law / 法学 | Southern Paris area / 巴黎南部 | French and international law / 法国法与国际法 |
| Pharmacy / 药学 | Avenue de l'Observatoire / 天文台大道 | Drug science and toxicology / 药物科学与毒理学 |
| Dentistry / 牙科 | Montrouge / 蒙特鲁日 | Oral surgery and clinical care / 口腔外科与临床诊疗 |
5. Medicine: The Flagship Discipline | 医学：最突出的优势学科
Medicine is the single most prominent strength of Paris Descartes. Its medical education and research have long stood at the front rank in France and remain internationally visible, supported by top-level hospital facilities and experimental platforms that give students an unusually rich learning and practice environment.
医学是巴黎第五大学最为突出的优势学科之一。这里的医学教育与研究长期处于法国前列，在国际上也颇具能见度；学校配备顶尖的医疗设施和实验平台，为学生营造了异常丰富的学习与实践环境。
Because French medical studies are taught mainly in hospitals, students are immersed in patient care from the early years. This model blends rigorous theoretical teaching with direct observation and supervised practice, which is exactly what employers and residency directors look for.
由于法国医学教育主要以医院为课堂，学生从低年级起便浸润在病人照护之中。这一模式把严谨的理论教学与直接的观察、有督导的实践结合起来，而这正是用人单位与住院医师项目负责人最看重的素质。
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